Basic Timing Check

https://vlsiuniverse.blogspot.com/2013/06/setup-and-hold-basics-of-timing-analysis.html

                      T_ck->q + T_prop + T_setup  < T_{period + Tskew} 

                      T_ck->q  + T_prop > T_hold + T_skew

                Data valid window = Clock period – Setup window – Hold window
                Start of data valid window = T_launch + T_hold
                End of data valid window = T_launch + T_period – T_setup

    Setup slack = T_period –  (T_ck->q + T_prop + T_setup – T_skew)

Hold slack = T_ck->q + T_{prop –} T_hold – T_skew

Mitigating setup violation: Thus, we can meet the setup requirement, if violating, by

1. Decreasing clk->q delay of launching flop
2. Decreasing the propagation delay of the combinational cloud
3. Reducing the setup time requirement of capturing flop
4. Increasing the skew between capture and launch clocks
5. Increasing the clock period

1. Increasing the clk->q delay of launching flop
2. Decreasing the hold requirement of capturing flop
3.  Decreasing clock skew between capturing clock and launching flip-flops